This monograph analyzes key issues in Bulgaria’s economic development at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries. It attempts to provide a comprehensive assessment of the state of the transition to a market economy. It systematically analyzes fundamental theoretical principles and how they are reflected in concrete realities. Changes in macroeconomic indicators are tracked, and the causes of positive or negative effects are highlighted. Relations with international financial organizations, and in particular with the IMF, are the focus of attention. A key issue is the interaction between financial stabilization and economic growth. Elements of macroeconomic policy are formulated that would allow financial stability to evolve into sustainable economic growth. Attention is also paid to a number of specific features that have traditionally remained outside the scope of local economists. Original ideas are presented that aim to contribute to the development of the theory and practice of economic growth in transition.