The dermatoglyphic characteristic of an individual is part of his overall anthropological characteristic. The book pays attention to the essence of dermatoglyphics - the science of studying the skin relief of the volar surface of the hands and the plantar surface of the feet. The monograph contains a textual analysis, accompanied by tables, figures and prints, of the first representative dermatoglyphic study of a healthy Bulgarian population and of individuals with chromosomal diseases, with visual, auditory and intellectual disabilities. The dermatoglyphic characteristic of an individual is part of his overall anthropological characteristic. The book pays attention to the essence of dermatoglyphics - the science of studying the skin relief of the volar surface of the hands and the plantar surface of the feet. The monograph contains a textual analysis, accompanied by tables, figures and prints, of the first representative dermatoglyphic study of a healthy Bulgarian population and of individuals with chromosomal diseases, with visual, auditory and intellectual disabilities. The place of dermatoglyphics in anthropology and the significance of its results for clinical medicine are indicated. The work is intended not only for specialists, but also for a wider circle of readers with basic scientific knowledge in this interesting medical-biological field of science.